{"id":1324,"date":"2019-05-12T20:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-12T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/money2022.localhost\/novinky-a-tipy\/podrobny-navod-jak-zalozit-zivnost-nebo-s-r-o-priklady-co-je-pro-vas-lepsi\/"},"modified":"2025-03-18T09:36:07","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T08:36:07","slug":"podrobny-navod-jak-zalozit-zivnost-nebo-s-r-o-priklady-co-je-pro-vas-lepsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/podnikani\/podrobny-navod-jak-zalozit-zivnost-nebo-s-r-o-priklady-co-je-pro-vas-lepsi\/","title":{"rendered":"Spole\u010dnost s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm nebo \u017eivnost? V\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody pro v\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u017divnost, nebo s. r. o.?<\/h2>\n<p>Nejd\u0159\u00edv se mus\u00edte rozhodnout, jakou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed formu podnik\u00e1n\u00ed zvol\u00edte. Pokud si vyberete \u017eivnost, stanete se OSV\u010c \u2013 tedy samostatn\u011b podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed fyzickou osobou. Jestli zvol\u00edte <a href=\"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/podnikani\/spolecnost-s-rucenim-omezenym-jak-zalozit-s-r-o-krok-za-krokem\/\">zalo\u017een\u00ed spole\u010dnosti s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm<\/a> (s. r. o.), nebudete podnikat \u201ena sebe\u201c, ale na firmu \u2013 <strong>na pr\u00e1vnickou osobu<\/strong>, kterou si zalo\u017e\u00edte.<\/p>\n<p>V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulce najdete <strong>p\u0159ehled hlavn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table id=\"fixTable\" class=\"c-table__table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<th>\u017eivnost<\/th>\n<th>s. r. o.<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>snadn\u00e9 zalo\u017een\u00ed \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed jedna n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu<\/li>\n<li>rychl\u00e9 \u2013 nemus\u00edte na finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad, poji\u0161\u0165ovnu atd.<\/li>\n<li>levn\u00e9 \u2013 zalo\u017een\u00ed stoj\u00ed jen 1000 K\u010d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>ru\u010d\u00edte pouze do v\u00fd\u0161e vkladu (od 1 K\u010d)<\/li>\n<li>firmu m\u016f\u017eete prodat<\/li>\n<li>presti\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e OSV\u010c<\/li>\n<li>v\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 optimalizace<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Nev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>ru\u010d\u00edte cel\u00fdm sv\u00fdm majetkem<\/li>\n<li>\u017eivnost nem\u016f\u017eete prodat<\/li>\n<li>m\u00e9n\u011b presti\u017en\u00ed ne\u017e s. r. o.<\/li>\n<li>omezen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti da\u0148ov\u00e9 optimalizace<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>nelze zalo\u017eit za jeden den, souvisej\u00edc\u00ed aktivity zaberou n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f<\/li>\n<li>mus\u00edte j\u00edt na v\u00edce \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f<\/li>\n<li>dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u2013 po\u010d\u00edtejte, \u017ee zaplat\u00edte p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6 a\u017e 10 tis\u00edc korun<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>V\u00edte, kter\u00e1 z variant je pro v\u00e1s vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed? P\u0159ipravili jsme <strong>n\u011bkolik modelov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou s rozhodov\u00e1n\u00edm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Va\u0161e podnik\u00e1n\u00ed je <strong>dost rizikov\u00e9<\/strong> = zvolte s.\u00a0r.\u00a0o.<\/li>\n<li>Pl\u00e1nujete <strong>najmout zam\u011bstnance<\/strong> a chcete budovat firmu, kterou t\u0159eba jednou v budoucnu prod\u00e1te = zvolte s.\u00a0r.\u00a0o.<\/li>\n<li>Chcete pracovat jako <strong>samostatn\u00fd profesion\u00e1l<\/strong> = zvolte si \u017eivnost.<\/li>\n<li>V obchodn\u00edm styku <strong>nechcete vystupovat pod vlastn\u00edm jm\u00e9nem<\/strong> = zvolte s.\u00a0r.\u00a0o.<\/li>\n<li>Pl\u00e1nujete spole\u010dn\u00fd podnik <strong>s dal\u0161\u00edmi zakladateli<\/strong> = zvolte s.\u00a0r.\u00a0o.<\/li>\n<li>Pot\u0159ebujete <strong>rychle a levn\u011b<\/strong> zah\u00e1jit podnik\u00e1n\u00ed = zvolte si \u017eivnost. (Pozd\u011bji m\u016f\u017eete z OSV\u010c p\u0159ej\u00edt na s.\u00a0r.\u00a0o., ale je to minim\u00e1ln\u011b stejn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 jako na za\u010d\u00e1tku.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Jak zalo\u017eit \u017eivnost<\/h2>\n<p>U\u017e pl\u00e1nujete, jak si sv\u016fj nov\u00fd <strong>\u017eivnostensk\u00fd list<\/strong> pov\u011bs\u00edte v provozovn\u011b? Rad\u011bji po\u010d\u00edtejte s jinou v\u00fdzdobu. Pap\u00edrov\u00e9 \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 listy p\u0159estaly \u00fa\u0159ady vyd\u00e1vat v roce 2008. M\u00edsto toho v\u00e1m nyn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad ud\u011bl\u00ed \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed, a pokud ho pot\u0159ebujete n\u011bkde dolo\u017eit, vytisknete si v\u00fdpis ze \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho rejst\u0159\u00edku.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i z\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda je va\u0161e \u017eivnost:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0159emesln\u00e1<\/strong> (nap\u0159. \u0159ezn\u00edk, zedn\u00edk, instalat\u00e9r),<\/li>\n<li><strong>v\u00e1zan\u00e1<\/strong> (\u00fa\u010detn\u00ed, mas\u00e9r),<\/li>\n<li><strong>koncesovan\u00e1<\/strong> (provozov\u00e1n\u00ed cestovn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e),<\/li>\n<li><strong>voln\u00e1<\/strong> (fotograf, obchodn\u00edk, marketingov\u00fd specialista).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Z <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zakonyprolidi.cz\/cs\/1991-455#prilohy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on-line p\u0159ehledu<\/a> zjist\u00edte, do kter\u00e9 kategorie spad\u00e1 va\u0161e \u017eivnost.<\/p>\n<p>Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed je zalo\u017een\u00ed voln\u00e9 \u017eivnosti, proto\u017ee nepot\u0159ebujete \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 profesn\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed ani praxi v oboru. Sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edt v \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch na \u017eivnostensk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad. Budete pot\u0159ebovat jen ob\u010dansk\u00fd pr\u016fkaz a 1000 K\u010d na spr\u00e1vn\u00ed poplatek. Na m\u00edst\u011b vypln\u00edte <strong>Jednotn\u00fd registra\u010dn\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159<\/strong>, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>registraci \u017eivnosti,<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k dani z p\u0159\u00edjmu,<\/li>\n<li>ozn\u00e1men\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u011b a spr\u00e1v\u011b soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Formul\u00e1\u0159 odevzd\u00e1te na \u017eivnostensk\u00e9m \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b a on ho p\u0159epo\u0161le do dal\u0161\u00edch (v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch) instituc\u00ed \u2013 tak\u017ee vy <strong>u\u017e nemus\u00edte nic ob\u00edhat<\/strong>. Sv\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 zaps\u00e1n\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eete on-line zkontrolovat n\u00e1hledem do <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rzp.cz\/portal\/cs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho rejst\u0159\u00edku<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud chcete vykon\u00e1vat \u0159emeslnou, v\u00e1zanou nebo koncesovanou \u017eivnost, pot\u0159ebujete <strong>dolo\u017eit p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky<\/strong> nebo praxi.<\/p>\n<h2>Tip pro ohla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivnost\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Klidn\u011b si <strong>nechte zapsat v\u00edce \u017eivnost\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148<\/strong>, i kdy\u017e hned nepl\u00e1nujete v\u0161echny vykon\u00e1vat. Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad soukrom\u011b u\u010d\u00edte angli\u010dtinu, pot\u0159ebujete prim\u00e1rn\u011b opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na \u201emimo\u0161koln\u00ed v\u00fdchovu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kurz\u016f, \u0161kolen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b lektorsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti\u201c. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete nechat zapsat nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201evelkoobchod a maloobchod\u201c, kdybyste n\u011bkdy v budoucnu cht\u011bli sv\u00fdm student\u016fm nap\u0159\u00edmo prod\u00e1vat u\u010debnice a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdukov\u00e9 pom\u016fcky.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u010det \u017eivnost\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eete kdykoli <strong>zdarma roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it<\/strong>. Mus\u00edte v\u0161ak kv\u016fli tomu znovu na \u00fa\u0159ad, proto je lep\u0161\u00ed si pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 \u017eivnosti nechat zapsat u\u017e hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak zalo\u017eit s. r. o.<\/h2>\n<p>Pokud spole\u010dnost s ru\u010den\u00edm omezen\u00fdm zakl\u00e1d\u00e1te sami, pot\u0159ebujete zakladatelskou listinu. Jestli\u017ee m\u00e1te spole\u010dn\u00edky, <strong>sepisujete spole\u010denskou smlouvu<\/strong>. Oba dokumenty mus\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159it not\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n<p>Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed listin je nap\u0159\u00edklad informace o s\u00eddle spole\u010dnosti. Pokud nejste vlastn\u00edky nemovitosti, ve kter\u00e9 bude firma s\u00eddlit, mus\u00edte dolo\u017eit, \u017ee <strong>majitel budovy s um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm s\u00eddla souhlas\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Mezi <strong>dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1le\u017eitosti<\/strong> pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>uveden\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a jejich bydli\u0161t\u011b,<\/li>\n<li>druhy pod\u00edl\u016f spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f,<\/li>\n<li>v\u00fd\u0161e z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu a v\u00fd\u0161e vklad\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f,<\/li>\n<li>informace o jednatel\u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pot\u00e9, co m\u00e1te p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 dokumenty, pokra\u010dujete na \u017eivnostensk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad, kde se registrujete. Do 90 dn\u016f od <a href=\"https:\/\/www.companies.cz\/zalozeni-spolecnosti-sro\">zalo\u017een\u00ed s.r.o.<\/a> mus\u00edte po\u017e\u00e1dat o <strong>z\u00e1pis do obchodn\u00edho rejst\u0159\u00edku<\/strong>, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st v\u00e1\u0161 not\u00e1\u0159, nebo ho sami (s elektronick\u00fdm podpisem i on-line) pod\u00e1te na rejst\u0159\u00edkov\u00fd soud v m\u00edst\u011b s\u00eddla va\u0161\u00ed firmy.<\/p>\n<p>Po z\u00e1pisu do rejst\u0159\u00edku m\u00e1te 30 dn\u00ed na to, abyste svou firmu <strong>zaregistrovali na finan\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u017divnost, nebo s. r. o.? Nejd\u0159\u00edv se mus\u00edte rozhodnout, jakou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed formu podnik\u00e1n\u00ed zvol\u00edte. Pokud si vyberete \u017eivnost, stanete se OSV\u010c \u2013 tedy samostatn\u011b podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1325,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_searchwp_excluded":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,19],"tags":[52,156],"class_list":["post-1324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podnikani","category-start-podnikani","tag-osoba-samostatne-vydelecne-cinna-osvc","tag-start-podnikani"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1324"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17067,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324\/revisions\/17067"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/money.cz\/novinky-a-tipy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}